• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method of diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component (14) from an exhaust gas line (12) of an internal combustion engine (10) by determining a first timing chart of a magnitude exhaust gas status in the pipe (12) upstream of the component (14) with a first sensor (13) and a second timing diagram of the exhaust gas state quantity downstream of the component (14) using a second sensor (15). To detect the disassembly, a first gradient of the first curve is formed as a function of time and a second gradient of the second curve as a function of time, then the correlation between the curves, and in the case of a correlation coefficient exceeding a predetermined limit, concludes the disassembly of the component (14).
    公开号:FR3021353A1
    申请号:FR1554180
    申请日:2015-05-11
    公开日:2015-11-27
    发明作者:Thomas Zein；Thomas Baumann；Yunjie Lian
    申请人:Robert Bosch GmbH；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] Field of the invention The invention relates to a method for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component of an exhaust gas pipe of an internal combustion engine according to which a first a timing diagram of an exhaust gas state quantity in the exhaust gas line upstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component and a second timing diagram of the exhaust gas state quantity downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component; exhaust gas cleaning component using a second sensor. The invention also relates to a device, in particular a diagnostic unit for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component in the exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine.
    [0002] State of the art The regulations on emissions, particularly in Europe and the USA, set limit values for the emission of particle mass and also the number of particles or their concentration. There are also regulations on the permissible emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. In addition to the emission limits, the regulations also provide diagnostic limit values, the excess of which must be displayed as a fault. For this purpose, diagnostic functions are implemented in a vehicle that monitors emissions-reducing parts and components during operation, as part of an on-board diagnostic (OBD diagnostic) to monitor components and report a malfunction that may occur. results in exceeding the diagnostic limit values. Part of such a diagnosis is detecting the dismantling of a component used to clean the exhaust gas.
    [0003] Gasoline or diesel internal combustion engines emit soot particles (or carbon black) that must be effectively removed from the exhaust gas by a particulate filter (DPF filters). Currently, there is known a diesel particulate filter also called Wall-Flow (DPF filter). The closed channels on one side and the porous filter material make it possible to eliminate black-smoke up to 99%. But, periodically it is necessary to regenerate such a filter. For this, it controls a temperature rise using means internal or external to the engine to burn all the black smoke accumulated in the filter because otherwise the pressure exerted by the exhaust gas would increase too strongly. In order to verify the operability of the particulate filter, the state of the particulate filter is usually continuously monitored during operation of the engine. The particulate filter is monitored by means of a pressure sensor or a particle collector. In particular, for the very strict limit values in the United States, particle sensors are applied to monitor the diesel particulate filter. DE 10 2010 002 691 A1 describes a method and a device for diagnosing a particulate filter forming part of an exhaust gas cleaning system in the exhaust gas duct of a combustion engine. internal; in order to monitor the particulate filter, the difference in pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the particulate filter is measured and this difference is exploited in a diagnostic unit. It is expected that the differential pressure at the ends of the particulate filter results from two measurements of pressure difference or absolute pressure measurements. This makes it possible to improve the on-board diagnostic and to detect whether the particulate filter has been manipulated or even disassembled. Gasoline particulate filters can be combined with three-way catalytic converters installed near the engine and an uncoated, downstream gasoline particulate filter or a particle filter with a coating. (A four-way catalyst ie a three-way catalyst plus a particulate filter in their mounting position close to the engine). It is obvious to use the particle filter diagnostic procedures used in diesel systems, ie to measure the pressure increase using pressure sensors or to measure downstream particle mass. of the particle filter by a particle sensor. The difficulty of diagnosing a particulate filter in a vehicle equipped with a gasoline engine is that at the particulate filter, the pressure difference is significantly lower than in the case of vehicles equipped with a particulate filter. diesel motor. The cause is the mass vein of the exhaust gas, significantly lower in the case of a gasoline engine and the different design of the particle filter circuit because of the lower mass emission of lampblack in the case of gasoline engines. This is why the pressure capture systems must be much more precise, especially because of the drift errors of the differential pressure sensors. Documents are known according to which one increases on the one hand the measured absolute value of the pressure difference by opening the throttle flap in thrust mode and thus increasing the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas. According to another proposal, the measured absolute value of the pressure difference is increased by deteriorating the efficiency of the engine by the delay of the ignition angle. Such actions are negative for the driving mode. Alternatively, monitoring by measuring the pressure, it is also known to detect the disassembly of a catalyst using a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor makes it possible to exploit the amount of heat accumulated in the catalyst and to compare it with a reference value. If the difference in measured heat quantity is less than the reference value, it is considered that the catalyst has been disassembled because an empty tube has a lower heat capacity than a catalyst. There are also known diagnostics using a temperature sensor and taking into account the exothermic effect of a component. DE10358195A1 discloses a method for monitoring a component installed in the range of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, according to which a first temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the component and a second temperature are measured. exhaust gas using a second temperature sensor downstream of the component. It is intended to verify the behavior as a low-pass filter defined by the heat capacity of the component, by exploiting the first exhaust gas temperature with respect to the second exhaust gas temperature and in case of a variation of a measurement. predefined for the behavior as a low-pass filter of the component, a fault signal is emitted. It is intended in this document to calculate the measurement of the first temperature of the exhaust gas TvK using an exhaust model taking into account an ME fuel signal and / or a flow signal. mass of air or amount of air mL for the internal combustion engine 10. This document also describes the formation of a gradient of the first and second exhaust gas temperature TvK, TnK followed by the operation gradients. The document also relates to the correlation between the first temperature of the exhaust gas TvK and the second temperature of the exhaust gas TnK. But, one does not make correlation between the chronogram of the gradients of the first and the second temperature. The disadvantage of the known diagnostic method based on a temperature measurement is that a large absolute difference in temperature, for example in a heating phase or the exothermic effect of component. For a particulate filter, this is only possible during regeneration by burning soot. In the case of internal combustion engines with gasoline, this is only rarely possible, if at all, because of the low soot mass in the particulate filter. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to develop a method for detecting the disassembly of a particulate filter or a catalyst by a method based on determining the temperature even in the event of a low temperature. temperature difference. The invention also aims to develop a device, including a diagnostic unit for the implementation of such a method.
    [0004] DESCRIPTION AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a process of the type defined above, characterized in that to detect the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component a first gradient is formed. of the first curve as a function of time and a second gradient of the second curve as a function of time, then the correlation is made between the curve as a function of time of the first gradient and the curve as a function of time of the second gradient. and in the case of a correlation coefficient exceeding a predetermined limit, it is concluded that the exhaust cleaning component has been disassembled.
    [0005] The disassembly detection method uses exhaust gas state quantities that vary dynamically during the operating time of the internal combustion engine and whose dynamics are influenced by the exhaust cleaning component. that is checked because this exhaust cleaning component has a storage effect or other variable effect such as the exothermic effect. In a characteristic operating cycle (rolling), it is shown that the cross-correlation coefficient of an exhaust gas cleaning component present is at an order of magnitude of 0.3 after the stabilization phase whereas if the Exhaust cleaning component has been dismantled, a coefficient of about 0.8 will be obtained. This makes it possible to demonstrate in an undeniable way that disassembly has taken place. In the developments of the process, the first timing diagram of the exhaust gas state quantity in the exhaust gas line upstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component is determined using a first sensor or using a model to correlate the timing chart measured downstream of the exhaust cleaning component with a measured or modeled timing chart upstream of the exhaust cleaning component. If ÔZv meas (k) is the measured gradient of the state quantity, of order k, before the component and if 6Zn meas (k + Tk) is the measured gradient of the order state quantity k, in downstream of the component, the values measured upstream and downstream of the component will be measured for the cross-correlation, normalized, KKF Z1 = 1k_16z y_meas (k) * .5Z n _meas (k + e I) Ik = In this formula T1 (represents the flow time of the gas through the aftertreatment component of the exhaust gas.
    [0006] Normalization is done with the autocorrelation of the pathway before the exhaust cleaning component. For the normalized cross-correlation KKF Z2, which relates the modeled value upstream to the measured value downstream of the component, we have: ## EQU1 ## (5z * 15Z KKF Z2 = 1n (5zy mod (k) * 15Z n meas ( In this formula 6Zy mod (k) is the modeled value of the order state variable k upstream of the component. A variant of the method for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component in the exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine provides for the determination of a first chronogram of a quantity of state of the gases. exhaust system in the exhaust gas line downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component from a model of the exhaust gas cleaning component or a model of an empty pipe element and a second timing diagram of the exhaust gas state magnitude downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component provided by a second According to the invention, in order to detect the disassembly of the exhaust gas cleaning component, a first gradient of the first chronogram and the second gradient of the second chronogram are formed and then the correlation between the chronogram of the first gradient and that of the first gradient is made. second gradient and if the correlation coefficient exceeds a predefined threshold, it is concluded that the exhaust cleaning component has been disassembled. For a normal cross-correlation KKF Z3, we have 6Zy mod Ref (k) which corresponds to the reference component of order k (exhaust gas cleaning component or empty pipe) of the modeled value of the magnitude of state: ## EQU1 ## it is not necessary to take into account the gas travel time through the component. If the exhaust gas cleaner is installed correctly and is modeled in KKF Z3, this coefficient KKF_Z3 takes a high value. The coefficient also takes a high value KKF_Z3 if the component of the exhaust gas has been removed and if in KKF_Z3 we modeled an empty tube. In all other cases the coefficient KKF Z3 15 takes a low value. According to a variant of the process, the exhaust gas state quantity is the oxygen content, the moisture content, the hydrocarbon content, the carbon monoxide content or the nitrogen oxide content, separately. or in combination and it is concluded that there is disassembly of the catalyst constituting the exhaust cleaning component, if the cross-correlation, normed, takes a high value. In this variant it is intended to use as sensors for example lambda probes to determine the oxygen content of the exhaust gas. There are temperature sensors in the exhaust gas duct, if it is intended to use the exhaust gas temperature as a state quantity and the disassembly of a catalyst or filter is concluded. as an exhaust gas cleaning component, if the correlation takes a high value. According to the state of the art, this method has the advantage that, even for very small absolute differences in temperature, as is the case, for example, with direct injection gasoline engines, the diagnostic can be applied. disassembly without additional active intervention in the system such as an increase in mass flow or opening of the throttle flap in push mode. According to a particularly advantageous variant of the method, a normalized cross-correlation of the first gradient and second gradient chronograms is used as a correlation, the cross-correlation being normalized by an autocorrelation function of the first gradient chronogram. the quantity of state of the exhaust gas. The method is particularly suitable for application to a gasoline internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas system comprising a catalyst and a particulate filter or a particulate catalyst-filter combination or a particulate filter. catalytic coating. Processes based on the pressure difference in the particulate filter or the temperature difference upstream and downstream of the catalyst according to the state of the art are not suitable for such a technical environment. The exploitation according to the invention of the chronological development of the gradients of the state quantities respectively used, however, allows to detect in a guaranteed way any disassembly of the cleaning component of the exhaust gas. The invention also relates to a device in which the diagnostic unit comprises facilities for implementing the method described above and in particular a calculation unit for determining a cross correlation coefficient from the chronogram. the gradient of an exhaust gas state quantity downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component and the measured or modeled timing diagram of the exhaust gas state magnitude gradient upstream of the cleaning component exhaust gas or the modeled timing diagram of a gradient of the state of the exhaust gas after the exhaust gas cleaning component assuming the presence or disassembly of the cleaning component of the exhaust gases. exhaust gas in that the diagnostic unit comprises a comparison stage for comparing the cross-correlation coefficient with a predefined threshold. described below, in more detail with the aid of an exemplary method for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component of an internal combustion engine shown in the accompanying drawings in FIG. which: FIG. 1 is a diagram of the technical environment in which the invention is inscribed; FIG. 2 is a diagram of a variant of the technical environment in which the process of the invention is incorporated; FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the correlation coefficients in the case of a particle filter present; FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the correlation coefficients in the case of a disassembled particle filter.
    [0007] DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 schematically shows the technical environment in which the method of the invention applies. The figure shows by way of example an internal combustion engine 10 in the form of a gasoline engine whose exhaust gas is discharged through an exhaust gas duct 12 equipped with a gas cleaning component. In the direction of passage of the exhaust gas passage 19 according to the illustrated embodiment, in the exhaust gas channel 12, downstream of the internal combustion engine 10 and upstream of the cleaning component. exhaust gas 14 there is a first sensor 13; after the exhaust cleaning component 14, there is a second sensor 15. The output signals of the first sensor 13 and the second sensor 15 are applied to a diagnostic unit 11 forming part of the engine control (unit electronic control system) to manage the engine. To diagnose the disassembly of the exhaust cleaning component 14 in the context of an on-board diagnosis (again referred to as "OBD diagnostic"), the chronogram of the gradient of the output signals supplied by the first sensor 13 is considered according to the invention. and the second sensor 15. If the exhaust gas cleaning component 14 is a catalyst, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas can be determined using lambda probes constituting the first and second sensors 13, 15. The diagnostic unit 11 determines the chronological evolution of the oxygen concentration gradients upstream and downstream of the catalyst as well as the cross-correlation of the plots. If the catalyst has been disassembled, the chronograms of the gradients coincide well and a high correlation coefficient will be found, for example of the order of 0.8. In the case of a catalyst, its capacity for oxygen accumulation is reflected by different evolutions of the gradients upstream and downstream of the catalyst. The correlation is lower and the correlation coefficient is, for example, 0.4. Figure 2 shows a variant of the technical environment. The exhaust gas cleaning component 14 of FIG. 1 is divided, in this example, into a catalyst 16 and a particulate filter 17. Next to the second sensor 15 which is now downstream of the catalyst 16, there is a third sensor 18 in the exhaust gas duct 12 downstream of the particulate filter 17. The output signals of all the sensors 13, 15, 18 are applied to the diagnostic unit 11. an exemplary embodiment, the sensors 13, 15, 18 are temperature sensors. This makes it possible to determine the chronograms of the gradients according to the temperature upstream and downstream of the catalyst 16 and of the particle filter 17 and to define the standardized cross-correlation KKF T1 in the diagnostic unit 11. This normalization is done respectively with a function autocorrelation of the gradient of the temperature curve upstream of the catalyst 16 or the particle filter 17: KKF T1 = k = 16T, _meas (k) * (STn meas ± T (kk) Ik = 16Tv meas (k * 6Tv meas (k) In this formula M'y meas (k) represents the temperature gradient of order k measured upstream of the components and ôTn meas (k + Tk) represents the temperature gradient of order k measured after Components The expression ik denotes the gas travel time in the aftertreatment components of the exhaust gas.
    [0008] In a variant of the process, the evolution of the temperature upstream of each aftertreatment component of the exhaust gases is modeled and the curve measured downstream of the components is compared by applying a standardized cross-correlation KKF T2, namely: x, nnk = 1 KKF -T2 = 1 k = 1 c5Tv - imam "T n meas (k + e) I 2_, 6Tv -iriod (k) * T v iriod (k) In this formula, ôTv mod (k) represents the modeled temperature gradient of order k upstream of the components The catalyst 16 and the particulate filter 17 can be combined in the form of a four-way catalyst (catalyst (FWC) which is a particulate filter 17 to Figure 3 shows a first timing diagram 20 of a first curve 22 of a standardized cross correlation coefficient KKF T1 for evaluating the temperature curves upstream and downstream of a particulate filter 17 in order, installed in the exhaust gas duct 12 of the internal combustion engine 10. The first timing 22 is shown in a coordinate system with the first axis 23 which is the time axis and a first axis 21 which is the axis of the correlation coefficient. The first curve 22 begins at a value close to 1, which corresponds to a very good correlation.
    [0009] Because of the particulate filter 17, the timing diagram of the upstream temperature gradient and that downstream of the particulate filter 17 nevertheless differ significantly; the momentum after particle filter 17 is significantly reduced. Also, if the flow time of gases through the particle filter is taken into account in the cross-correlation, the first timing chart 22 drops sharply with time and stabilizes at a value of 0.3, which corresponds to a very bad correlation. FIG. 4 shows, by a second timing diagram 30, a second time curve 32 of a standard cross correlation coefficient KKF T1 for the exploitation of the temperature curves upstream and downstream of a particulate filter 17 which has The second curve 32 is drawn along a second time axis 33 and a second correlation coefficient axis 31. The second timing diagram 32 starts with a close value. of 1, which corresponds to a very good correlation. Since the particle filter 17 has been disassembled, the chronograms of the temperature gradient upstream and downstream of the particle filter 17 differ only slightly; the dynamics downstream of the particulate filter 17 which is the empty tube element, is substantially the same as upstream. Thus, the second timing 32 only drops very slightly as a function of time and stabilizes at a value around 0.8, which corresponds to a very good correlation. The diagnostic process is advantageously carried out in the form of a program applied in the diagnostic unit 11, particularly in the case of gasoline engines with particle filters, but in principle the diagnostic process applies also with diesel engines.20 NOMENCLATURE OF MAIN ELEMENTS 10 Internal combustion engine 11 Diagnostic unit / Electronic engine control unit 12 Exhaust gas line 13 First sensor 14 Exhaust cleaning component 15 Second sensor 10 16 Catalyst 17 Particulate filter 18 Third sensor 19 Exhaust gas 20 First timing chart 15 22 First curve 30 Second timing diagram 32 Second curve 20
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS 1 °) A method for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component (14) of an exhaust gas line (12) of an internal combustion engine (10) according to which a first timing diagram of a state of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas line upstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) and a second timing diagram of the exhaust gas state quantity downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) with the aid of a second sensor (15), characterized in that for detecting the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component (14) a first gradient of the first curve is formed as a function of time and a second gradient of the second curve as a function of time; a correlation is formed between the curve as a function of time of the first gradient and the curve as a function of time of the second gradient, and - in the case of a correlation coefficient lation exceeding a limit prédétermi- born, it is concluded that the cleaning component of the exhaust gas (14) has been disassembled.
    [0002]
    2) A method of diagnosis according to claim 1, characterized in that the first curve as a function of time of the exhaust gas state quantity in the exhaust gas line upstream of the cleaning component is determined. exhaust gas (14) using a first sensor (13) or relying on a model.
    [0003]
    3) Method for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component (14) in the exhaust gas line (12) of an internal combustion engine (10) according to which a first chronogram is established an exhaust gas state quantity in the exhaust gas line downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) from an exhaust gas cleaning component model (14). ) or a model for an empty pipe element, and - a second time diagram of the exhaust gas state quantity downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) is established with the aid of a second sensor (15), characterized in that to detect disassembly of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) - a first gradient of the first curve is formed as a function of time and a second gradient of the second curve versus time, - the correlation between the time the first gradient and the chronogram of the second gradient, and if the correlation coefficient exceeds a predefined threshold, the dismantling of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) is concluded.
    [0004]
    Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that exhaust gases, their oxygen content, their moisture content, their hydrocarbon content and their carbon monoxide content are used as the state variables. their content of nitrogen oxides, alone or in combination and it is concluded to disassembly of a catalyst of an exhaust gas cleaning component (14) if the correlation takes a high value.
    [0005]
    Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that exhaust gas and its temperature are used as the state variables, and it is concluded that a catalyst or particulate filter comprising the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) if the correlation takes a high value.
    [0006]
    Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that, as a correlation, the normal cross-correlation of the first and second gradient chronograms is formed, this cross-correlation being normalized by an autocorrelation function of the chronogram of the first gradient of the exhaust gas state quantity.
    [0007]
    7 °) Application of the method according to one of claims 1 to 6, to a gasoline internal combustion engine (10), according to which the exhaust gas installation comprises a catalyst (16) and a particulate filter ( 17) or a catalyst-particulate filter combination or a particulate filter (17) provided with a catalytic coating.
    [0008]
    8 °) Device, in particular a diagnostic unit (11) for diagnosing the dismantling of an exhaust gas cleaning component (14) of the exhaust gas line (12) of an internal combustion engine (10) ), device characterized in that the diagnostic unit (11) comprises facilities for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and in particular a calculation unit for determining a cross correlation coefficient between the a timing diagram of a gradient of an exhaust gas state quantity downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) and the measured or modeled timing chart of a magnitude of the exhaust gas upstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) or the modeled timing diagram of the gradient of the exhaust gas status quantity downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14). ) in the case of presence and that of u disassembly of the exhaust gas cleaning component (14) and the diagnostic unit (11) comprises a comparison stage for comparing the cross correlation coefficient with a predefined threshold.
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    引用文献:
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    JP5088391B2|2010-03-09|2012-12-05|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Particulate filter failure determination device|
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    US9303544B2|2012-01-18|2016-04-05|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Method of detecting a thermal event in an exhaust system based on temperature gradients and exhaust system configured for same|DE102016209924A1|2016-06-06|2017-12-07|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method for monitoring a NOx sensor|
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    DE102017205361A1|2017-03-29|2018-10-04|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method and computer program product for diagnosing a particulate filter|
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    JP2019085897A|2017-11-02|2019-06-06|株式会社豊田自動織機|Exhaust treatment device|
    DE102018211101A1|2018-07-05|2020-01-09|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Method and device for diagnosing an operating state of a particle filter|
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    法律状态:
    2016-05-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-05-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-06-29| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20180629 |
    2019-05-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-05-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2022-02-11| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20220105 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014209794.0|2014-05-22|
    DE102014209794.0A|DE102014209794A1|2014-05-22|2014-05-22|Method and device for the diagnosis of a removal of a component of an emission control system|
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